Courage is defined in the dictionary as "The state or quality of mind or spirit that enables one to face danger, fear, or vicissitudes with self-possession, confidence, bravery and resolution"; I like the word resolution. It is said that courage is not about the abscence of fear but rather despite the presence of fear, challenges and unknown you are still resolved to do something about it.
So by definition courageous is a character, trait and qualities of a person who is resolved to do something he have previously declared despite overhwleming presence of fear and possibilities that he may not succeed.